{
  "id": "palimpsest-news:in-path-interference",
  "slug": "in-path-interference",
  "url": "https://palimpsest.info/news/in-path-interference/",
  "signal_id": "in-path-interference",
  "headline": "Middlebox signatures register at 1.37% in the current OONI window",
  "dek": "The decomposition separates interference signatures from transport failure and tests that could not execute.",
  "section": "network",
  "order": 2,
  "type": "measurement",
  "priority": "high",
  "status": "live",
  "published_at": "2026-08-24T02:07:57Z",
  "modified_at": "2026-08-24T02:07:57Z",
  "claim_fingerprint": "sha256:227418982e245e7a78004b5b24928623c16facb96c027689f4037726110a100c",
  "metric": {
    "label": "middlebox index",
    "value": 1.37,
    "unit": "percent",
    "denominator": {
      "label": "completed middlebox tests",
      "value": 9283
    }
  },
  "claims": [
    {
      "type": "finding",
      "statement": "The current measurement-weighted middlebox index is 1.37%."
    }
  ],
  "evidence": {
    "url": "https://palimpsest.info/readings/in-path-interference-latest.json",
    "input": {
      "filename": "in-path-interference-latest.json",
      "sha256": "b2eba327467c6e780d015440bd7d26a5c5f1814fdb4efade486125003e323592",
      "bytes": 4264
    },
    "source_timestamp": "2026-08-24T02:07:57Z"
  },
  "method": {
    "summary": "rates are computed over COMPLETED tests only (measurement_count - failure_count). OONI's anomaly counter ranges only over completed runs, so a test that never completes has no anomaly rate — it has an execution-failure rate, reported separately",
    "version": 1
  },
  "limitations": [
    "The index is a weighted aggregate over reporting tests; transport failure and execution blackout remain separate categories."
  ],
  "related_signal_ids": [
    "ooni-gfw",
    "inside-view",
    "vantage-fusion"
  ]
}